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年輕人離開生養(yǎng)他們的故鄉(xiāng)的時候，有很多不同的原因，在許多發(fā)展中國家移民的重要驅(qū)動力就是缺少一份體面的工作。大概有2700萬年輕的人們離開他們的故鄉(xiāng)而每年去海外尋找職業(yè)。
這種趨勢暗示了移民可能會成為一個問題的可持續(xù)解決方案，即60%的在發(fā)展中地區(qū)的年輕的人們會失業(yè)，不能學(xué)習(xí)，或者在從事著非正式的工作。
根據(jù)一些州和政策制定者的當(dāng)局宣布，這個答案是對的。馬拉維的政府就是一個案例。在2013年他們和許多國家做交易來出口它的年輕勞動力，為了創(chuàng)造新的就業(yè)機會。
當(dāng)然，許多移民經(jīng)歷是遠(yuǎn)不順利和積極的。但是，卻有五種方法使得政府幫助年輕的人們使用移民作為獲得工作機會和發(fā)展他們的專業(yè)技能的有效的方法。
創(chuàng)造網(wǎng)絡(luò)
年輕的移民者通常缺乏信任的社會支持和職業(yè)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。我們需要工作來創(chuàng)造虛擬社區(qū)來連接新到的移民者和在目的國家和社會的那些以建議，技能培訓(xùn)和指導(dǎo)關(guān)系來提供幫助的人們。即使在移民者離開之前，他們也能使用這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)去獲得有關(guān)就業(yè)機會的重要信息。創(chuàng)造這些社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)能幫助促進在包括目的國家和他們回到家鄉(xiāng)進入原來的國家的時候來幫助促進社會和經(jīng)濟的融合。
用好的技能來武裝新的移民者
即使在那些勞動力市場更易于上漲的時候，獲得就業(yè)機會仍然是具有競爭力的。一些年輕人在工作移民之前，他們應(yīng)該具有了相關(guān)的教育和生活技能培訓(xùn)。合適的教育是一把鑰匙，但是這包括工作機會的信息和他們準(zhǔn)備計劃進入的國家來操縱文化。準(zhǔn)備將要幫助他們在目的地國家和社會獲得就業(yè)機會。（欲瀏覽更多信息，請關(guān)注中國進出口網(wǎng)）
Here are five approaches that governments can use to help young people use migration to access jobs and develop skills。
While young people leave their country of birth for many different reasons, in many developing countries one of the key drivers for migration is a lack of decent work. Roughly 27 million young people leave their homelands to find employment abroad each year.
Does this trend suggest that migration may be a sustainable solution to the problem that
60% of young people in developing regions are unemployed, not studying, or engaged in informal employment。
According to a number of heads of state and policymakers, the answer is yes. The government of Malawi is a case in point. In 2013 they struck deals with a number of countries to "export" its youth labour in an attempt to create new employment opportunities.
Of course, many migration experiences are far from smooth or positive. However, there are five approaches that governments can take to help young people use migration as an effective means of accessing job opportunities and developing their professional skills.
Create networks
Young migrants often lack access to trusted social support and professional networks. We need to work to create virtual communities that connect newly arrived migrants with those who can offer assistance in the form of advice, skills-training and mentorship in the destination country or society. Even before migrants leave they can use these networks to access important information about employment opportunities. Creating these social networks can help facilitate social and economic integration for young people in both destination countries and when they return home to origin countries.Equip young migrants with the right skills
Even in countries wher the labour market is more buoyant, gaining employment is still competitive. Before young people migrate for work, they should be equipped with relevant education and life skills training. Appropriate education is key, but this could include also information about the job opportunities and navigating the culture in the country they are planning to move to. Preparation will assist them in taking advantage of employment opportunities in their destination country or society.
